Background
Digital health is a new health field initiative. Health professionals require security in digital places because cybercriminals target health care professionals. Therefore, millions of medical records have been breached for money. Regarding digital security, there is a gap in studies in limited-resource countries. Therefore, surveying health professionals’ attitudes toward digital health data security has a significant purpose for interventions.


Objective
This study aimed to assess the attitudes of health professionals toward digital health data security and their associated factors in a resource-limited country.


Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure health professionals’ attitudes toward digital health data security. The sample size was calculated using a single population. A pretest was conducted to measure consistency. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. For multivariable logistic analysis, a P value ≤.20 was selected using Stata software (version 16; StataCorp LP).


Results
Of the total sample, 95% (402/423) of health professionals participated in the study. Of all participants, 63.2% (254/402) were male, and the mean age of the respondents was 34.5 (SD 5.87) years. The proportion of health professionals who had a favorable attitude toward digital health data security at specialized teaching hospitals was 60.9% (95% CI 56.0%‐65.6%). Educational status (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 3.292, 95% CI 1.16‐9.34), basic computer skills (AOR 1.807, 95% CI 1.11‐2.938), knowledge (AOR 3.238, 95% CI 2.0‐5.218), and perceived usefulness (AOR 1.965, 95% CI 1.063‐3.632) were factors associated with attitudes toward digital health data security.


Conclusions
This study aimed to assess health professionals’ attitudes toward digital health data security. Interventions on educational status, basic computer skills, knowledge, and perceived usefulness are important for improving health professionals’ attitudes. Improving the attitudes of health professionals related to digital data security is necessary for digitalization in the health care arena.

Background: Healthcare-associated infections occur in patients under medical care, which is a major public health issue in hospitals worldwide. The prevalence is two to three folds higher in developing countries compared to developed countries. Inanimate objects used by healthcare professionals such as gowns, mobile phones, and stethoscopes are highly prone to bacterial contamination from the healthcare setting. In Ethiopia, there is a paucity of published data on the bacterial profile and susceptibility patterns of an isolates.
Objective: To determine the bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from inanimate objects used by healthcare professionals and associated factors at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from inanimate objects from April 10, 2023 to June 30, 2023 using simple random sampling technique with lottery method. Socio-demographic data was collected using a structured questionnaire. A swab sample from healthcare professionals' gowns, mobile phones, and stethoscopes were collected and inoculated onto blood agar, chocolate and MacConkey agar. Isolates were identified and characterized by colony morphology, Gram staining and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed in all isolates by the disk diffusion technique on Muller Hinton agar according to CLSI, 2022 guidelines. Data was entered into EPI-Data and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Logistic regression model was used. Variables with p-value ≤ 0.25 in bivariable logistic regression was fitted to multivariate logistic regression analysis. A p-value of ≤ 0.05 with 95%CI was considered statistically significant.
Result: A total of 376 healthcare professionals' inanimate objects were included from 191 study participants. Overall, 60.1% (226/376) (95%CI: 55.1-65) inanimate objects were contaminated. The proportion of bacterial contamination was (65.1%; 82/126), (60.3%; 76/126) and (54.8%; 68/124) for mobile phones, gowns and stethoscopes, respectively. Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent isolate accounting (22.1%; 83/376) followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis (17.0%; 64/376), Escherichia coli (8.8%; 33/376) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.9%; 18/376). Working in gynecology/ obstetrics wards (AOR: 8.69; 95%CI: 1.09-69.41, P = 0.041), did not disinfect mobile phones (AOR: 2.69; 95%CI: 1.15-6.25; P = 0.021) and stethoscopes regularly (AOR: 3.06, 95%CI: 1.23-7.59; P = 0.016), carry mobile phones with patient care materials (AOR: 2.72; 95%CI: 1.18-6.29, P = 0.019) and not taken infection prevention training (AOR:3.91; 95%CI:1.71-8.93; P = 0.001) were significantly associated with bacterial contamination.Most Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and amoxacilline-clavunic acid, while Gram-positive isolates showed high level of resistant to penicillin. On the other hand, meropenem, for Gram-negative and clindamycin for Gram-positive bacteria showed lower level of resistance. Multidrug resistance among Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were (62.6%; 92/147) and (75.3%; 64/85), respectively with over all MDR (67.2%, 156/232).
Conclusion: Inanimate objects commonly used by healthcare professionals are important sources of bacterial contamination. S. aureus, S. epidermidis and E. coli were the predominant isolates. Most Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to ampicillin while Gram-positive isolates showed high level of resistant to penicillin. All healthcare professionals should regularly disinfect their inanimate objects to prevent bacterial colonization and potential spread of infection.

Journalists usually struggle to maintain private affairs with their professional responsibili-ties while practising journalism. This article scrutinizes the interplay between journal-ists’ professional and individual exposures and its impacts on the culture of journalismpractice in the Ethiopian state media perspective of Amhara Media Corporation (AMC).Qualitative research method, along with in-depth interviews and document analysis,was used to collect data. Semi-structured questions were forwarded to twelve purpo-sively selected journalists working in AMC. Individual-level analysis of the Hierarchy ofInfluences Model (HIM) and Individual Level of Branding were applied as theoreticaltemplates. Findings reveal that journalists’ journalistic contents are exposed to numer-ous occupational-level perspectives. Individual backgrounds and professional dilemmasjournalists face are the dominant challenges while practising professional journalism.Journalists’ academic qualifications and upbringing do have strong linkages with theirculture of journalism practice. The interface between sensitive reporting on politics, ethnic-ity, religion and professionalism is seen resulted in eroding journalistic integrity and creat-ing professional dilemmas among journalists in Ethiopia. It is recommended that mediaorganizations have comprehensible working guidelines and editorial policies to alleviate
he blurred lines between individual exposures and the professionalism of journalists inEthiopia.Keywords: hierarchy of influences model, ideological branding, individual-level analysis,journalist background, sensitive reporting, political stance, professional dilemma

In many regions of Ethiopia, particularly in the study area, high-quality livestock feed is scarce, particularly during the dry season.Indigenous browse species could potentially ofer alternative sources of feed, but their potential has not been fully exploited, owingto a lack of detailed information. Without detailed information on the nutritional value of indigenous browse species, it is difcultto assess their suitability as feed sources. Tis knowledge gap indicates that even if these plants are abundant, they may not be usedefectively because their nutritional benefts are not well understood. Te objective of the present study was to fll this gap bysystematically evaluating the biomass yield and nutritional content of indigenous browse species. Te mean biomass yields forvarious indigenous browse species varied signifcantly (p < 0.05) among species, with Ficus thonningii producing the highest,whereas the biomass yields of Vernonia amygdalina were the lowest. Arundinaria species exhibited the highest NDF content(68.5%), whereas V. amygdalina had the lowest NDF content (46.8%). Te crude protein content varied signifcantly (p < 0.05)among the species, with Acacia albida having the highest (20.3%), whereas the crude protein content of Carissa edulis was thelowest (13.3%). Hence, the crude protein content of all indigenous browse species is sufcient to meet the maintenance needs ofcattle, sheep, and goats because, as stated by Kearl and NRC, the crude protein levels required for maintenance in these animalsrange from 7% to 10%. Te crude protein content of indigenous browse species is sufcient to meet the milk production re-quirements of sheep and goats because the crude protein levels required for milk production for these animals range from 12% to16%. For lactating dairy cows and growing beef cattle, Kearl recommended CP values of 14%–18% and 12%–16% required,respectively. Terefore, indigenous livestock producers should incorporate these species into their production systems to enhanceproductivity. Tis approach can also help mitigate the high costs associated with concentrate feeds, which are typically expensive.Keywords: biomass; browse species; nutritional composition; species composition

Abstract: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) are the leading cause of infectious diarrhea and posea significant global, regional, and national burden of disease. This study aimed to investigate theprevalence of six DEC pathotypes in children with diarrhea and determine their antibiotic resistancepatterns. Samples from 107 diarrheagenic children were collected and processed for Escherichiacoli (E. coli). Single-plex PCR was used to detect target virulence genes as well as characterize andcategorize DEC pathotypes. Antibiotic resistance patterns were determined by the Kirby–Bauerdisk diffusion method. E. coli was detected in 79 diarrheal stool samples, accounting for 73.8% ofthe samples collected. Additionally, 49.4% (39 out of 79) of the isolates harbored various typicalvirulence factors. Results revealed six pathotypes of virulence: enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (53.8%),enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (12.8%), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (10.3%), Heteropathotypes(7.8%), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) (7.7% each).The isolates exhibited high antibiotic resistance against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (82.1%),amoxicillin (79.5%), ampicillin (74.4%), gentamicin (69.2%), and streptomycin (64.1%). An overalloccurrence of 84.6% of multiple-drug resistance was observed in the isolates, with resistance rangingfrom three to four antibiotic classes. Our findings revealed a high level of pathogenic E. coli that werehighly resistant to multiple categories of antibiotics among children in the Awi zone. These findingshighlight the potential role of pathogenic E. coli in childhood diarrhea in tropical low-resourcesettings and underscore the need for continued research on the characteristics of pathogenic andantibiotic-resistant strains.Keywords: children; diarrheagenic Escherichia coli; resistance; virulent genes; Awi zone

Background: Developmental delay is a group of disorders that cause commondeficits of adaptive and intellectual function in children. It happens when achild fails to achieve one aspect of developmental skills. Limited informationis available regarding the prevalence of developmental delay among childrenaged 12–59 months in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assessthe prevalence of developmental delay and its associated factors among thispopulation.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted inDembecha district among 702 children aged 12–59 months. Data were gatheredthrough face-to-face interviews, and by taking anthropometric measurementsusing a pretested structured questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi Dataversion 4.2 software and exported into Statistical Package for Social Science(SPSS) version 25 software for analysis. The WHO Anthro software was used toanalyze anthropometric-related data. Bivariable and multivariable binary logisticregression analyses were done to identify factors associated with developmentaldelay. The odds ratio with a 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was estimated todetermine the strength of the association.Results: The prevalence of developmental delay among children was 26.7%(95% CI: 23.5, 30.2). Toddler child age (AOR = 2.60; 95% CI: 1.42, 4.87), lowbirth weight (LBW; AOR =4.90; 95% CI: 2.14, 11.48), cesarean section mode ofdelivery (AOR = 8.60; 95% CI: 3.93, 18.65), preterm delivery (AOR = 2.5; 95% CI:1.28, 4.74), early initiation of complementary feeding (AOR = 8.40; 95% CI: 3.61,19.63), stunting (AOR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.67, 5.22) inadequate meal frequency(AOR = 3.20; 95% CI: 1.74, 5.94), and inadequate dietary diversity (AOR = 3.10;95% CI: 1.68, 5.85) were significantly associated with child developmental delay.Conclusion: The prevalence of developmental delay among children was highin Dembecha district compared to the global prevalence. Child developmentaldelay was associated with toddler child age, LBW, cesarean section mode of

This research has been designed to explore some choreographic matters of selected Amharic Music, and it has employed stylistics approach in association with the musical functions or thematic purposes related to visual narrative inquiry.
The rationale behind the research project was related to the discussion of some choreographic maters of this study in relation to theme, creativity and deviation related to the videos of the selected music, for such practice has been less experienced in researches before. This is so, for people in most of the time perceive the choreographic matters or form related issues of music and the thematic function which could be transferred through the videos as independent concerns. However, form and content of a certain artistic production are the two sides of a coin which could not be investigated and understood independently; this is so, for, it is obvious that what is made on the form is all about the content of any artistic production and vice-versa. This was made in this study with the discussion of the concept, choreographic matters of some selected Amharic Music made on the presupposed themes advocated by the videos in relation to the range of creativity and deviation.
Therefore, the intention of the current study was to deal with the exploration of choreographic matters as reflected in the musical videos in relation to creativity and deviation made to convey thematic matters of the videos, for these two artistic concepts (creativity and deviation) are the inevitable techniques of music as one genre of fine art. The study has been concluded with the following demonstration.
On top of their own peculiarities, all the videos are similar in their disclosure of artistic creativities experienced both in content and form levels. This creativity extends the range of experiencing artistic deviations. At least all the selected videos commonly share the ideas in dealing with the videos potential of keeping traditional dance movements, the range of improvisations and expressiveness inculcated in line with modernizing the dances in the videos and the intentional and unintentional global influences and hybridizations.

Background: Cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimen associated nephrotoxicity is a significantadverse effect that restricts the standard dose of cisplatin by impairing renal function. There is alack of data on cisplatin-based chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) in Ethiopian patientswith gynecological cancer. This study evaluated the factors associated with CIN and its impact onthe survival status of patients with gynecological cancer at Northwest Ethiopia oncology centers.Methods: This institutional-based retrospective cohort study included patients with gynecologicalcancer who received cisplatin-based chemotherapy between 2020 and 2021 at NorthwestEthiopia oncology centers. CIN was evaluated using the Common Terminology Criteria forAdverse Events (CTCAE) version 4 criteria and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes(KDIGO) Guideline. A logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated withCIN. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to determine the impact of CINonpatients survival. The cutoff point was a P value of < 0.05 for declaring statistical significance.Results: A total of 394 patients with gynecological cancer were included in the final analysis. Theincidence of CIN was 27.9 % (95 % CI 23.4,32.7). Old age (≥60 years) [adjusted odds ratio(AOR)=1.7,95 % confidence interval (CI) (1.1–2.9); P=0.039],low serum albumin (50 mg/m2) [AOR=2.6,95% CI (1.4–4.7), P=0.002]were significantly associated with CIN.CIN[(adjusted hazard ratio(AHR)=3.2,95 % CI (2.7–9.5), P=0.004]and cisplatin dose reduction [AHR=2.7,95 % CI(1.7–4.3) P=0.021] were significant factors of death among patients with gynecological cancer.Conclusion: More than a quarter of patients receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy developedCIN, which negatively affected their survival. This study recommends that prescribers pay specialattention to patients with older age, lower serum albumin levels, and high-dose cisplatin toimprove renal function and survival. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicitysignificantly affects the survival of gynecological cancer patients.
Keywords: Gynecological cancer, Cisplatin, Nephrotoxicity, Factors, Impact, Ethiopia

This study aims and documents the clinical and laboratory diagnosis of bovine dermatophilosis, caused by Dermatophiluscongolensis that causes exudation and matting of hairs and wools with the formation of crusts and scab. An adult local breed bullwith a history of reduced appetite, pruritus, dirty scabs and crusts as initial lesion coalesce on its different body parts was presentedto Debre Markos multipurpose veterinary clinic. The rectal temperature and other vital parameters were within the normalrange. The clinical signs observed were exudative dermatitis forming crusts and scabs, pruritus, matted hair like a paintbrushand keratinized material creating wart-like lesions that were widely distributed in different body parts. Few ticks were observedon the skin of the bull suspected as vector of the disease. Culture of skin scraps on blood agar showed small, grayish-white raisedgranular and hemolytic colonies. Staining of skin scraps by Giemsa and Gram’s stain and cultured colony by Gram’s stain indicatedthe characteristics of Dermatophilus congolensis, etiology of dermatophilosis. Other laboratory tests also showed the characteristicsof D. congolensis. The case was treated by penstrep and ivermectin parentally and iodine tincture topically, and the bull showedprogressive clinical improvement and complete recovery within 2 months. In conclusion, dermatophilosis is an economicallyimportant skin disease, highly prevalent in Ethiopia, and needs early detection and treatment by penstrep intramuscularly andivermectine subcutaneously with iodine tincture topically in line with proper husbandry practices to control the losses.
Keywords: Dermatophilus congolensis; bull; clinical diagnosis; dermatophilosis; skin.

IntroductionCancer is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, significantly impairing patients’quality of life (QoL). Integrated Palliative Care (IPC) has been proposed as a holisticapproach to enhance quality of life by addressing patients’ physical, emotional, and psy-chosocial needs. While some studies suggest Integrated Palliative Care improves qualityof life more than standard care, the evidence remains inconclusive. This systematic reviewand meta-analysis aim to evaluate the comparative impact of Integrated Palliative Careversus standard care on the quality of life in cancer patients.MethodsA comprehensive search of databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase wasconducted. We selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing Integrated Palliative Careand standard care for cancer patients, focusing on the quality of life as measured by validatedtools such as the EORTC QLQ-C30 and FACT-G. Data were pooled using a random-effectsmodel to account for study heterogeneity. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed.ResultsNine randomized controlled trials involving 1,794 patients met the inclusion criteria.Meta-analysis showed that Integrated Palliative Care significantly improved quality oflife compared to standard care (SMD = 3.25; 95% CI: 1.20–5.30; p < 0.001). Studiesconducted in Asia showed the highest standardized mean difference (SMD = 6.15; 95%CI: 3.07–9.23; p < 0.001), followed closely by studies from Africa (SMD = 6.0; 95% CI:5.13–6.87; p < 0.001), compared to those from other regions. Similarly, research focusingon lung cancer patients showed the greatest standardized mean difference of (SMD =6.15; 95% CI: 3.07–9.23; p < 0.001) relative to other cancer types. Furthermore, studies
involving newly diagnosed cancer patients recorded the highest standardized mean differ-ence of (SMD = 5.69; 95% CI: 4.57–6.80; p < 0.001).ConclusionIntegrated Palliative Care significantly enhances the quality of life in cancer patients comparedto standard care. These findings support integrating Integrated Palliative Care into oncologypractices to provide comprehensive, patient-centered care that addresses both physical andemotional needs. Further research should explore long-term benefits across diverse populations.